What are the main applications of petroleum exploration components

Source：www.suixizan.com Release date： 2025年03月03日

Information summary：Petroleum exploration components have a wide range of applications in the process of petroleum exploration. The following are some of the main components and their applications: 1. Drill bit Formation drilling: It is a key component in the process of oil exploration drilling that directly fractures rocks. By rotating and applying pressure, it cuts and grinds the formation rocks to form a

Petroleum exploration components have a wide range of applications in the process of petroleum exploration. The following are some of the main components and their applications:
1. Drill bit
Formation drilling: It is a key component in the process of oil exploration drilling that directly fractures rocks. By rotating and applying pressure, it cuts and grinds the formation rocks to form a wellbore for subsequent exploration and exploitation of underground oil and gas resources. Different types of drill bits are suitable for different geological conditions. For example, roller bits are suitable for drilling in hard formations, while PDC bits have higher drilling efficiency in soft to medium hard formations.
Directional drilling: In directional drilling and horizontal drilling, the combination of drill bits and directional tools can achieve correct control of the wellbore trajectory, enabling the wellbore to pass through the reservoir correctly and increasing the production and recovery rate of the oil well.
2. Drill rod
Transmission of power: Connected between the drilling rig and the drill bit, it transmits the rotational power and axial pressure of the drilling rig to the drill bit, enabling the drill bit to perform drilling operations underground. At the same time, the drill pipe also needs to withstand its own weight, the pressure of the drilling fluid, and various stresses during drilling.
Transporting drilling fluid: There is a hollow channel inside the drill rod, and the drilling fluid is pumped to the drill bit through the drill rod, playing a role in cooling the drill bit, carrying rock debris back to the surface, balancing formation pressure, and preventing blowouts.
3. Measurement while drilling tools (MWD)
Measurement of wellbore inclination angle and azimuth angle: Real time measurement of wellbore inclination angle and azimuth angle helps engineers understand the changes in wellbore trajectory, so as to adjust drilling parameters in a timely manner, ensuring that the wellbore is drilled according to the design trajectory and correctly hits the target oil layer.
Measurement of formation parameters: Some excellent MWD tools can also measure the resistivity, natural gamma and other parameters of the formation. By analyzing these parameters, the lithology and oil content of the formation can be determined, providing important data for geological exploration.
4. Seismic detector
Seismic wave acquisition: In seismic exploration, seismic detectors are widely deployed on the ground or seabed to receive seismic wave signals reflected or refracted back from underground rock layers. These signals contain information about the structure and physical properties of underground strata.
Geological structure imaging: By processing and analyzing signals collected by a large number of seismic detectors, images of underground geological structures can be generated to help geologists identify potential oil and gas reservoir structures, such as anticlines, synclines, faults, etc., providing important basis for determining drilling locations.
5. Logging instruments
Electric logging: By measuring the electrical properties such as resistivity and natural potential of the formation, the lithology, porosity, oil content and other parameters of the formation can be determined. For example, high resistivity formations may typically contain oil and gas, while low resistivity formations may be water or mudstone layers.
Acoustic logging: Utilizing the propagation speed and amplitude of sound waves in different formations, calculating parameters such as porosity and elastic modulus of the formation, helping to analyze the rock mechanics and fluid properties of the formation, and identifying potential oil and gas reservoirs.
6. Core barrel
Core collection: During the drilling process, a core barrel is used to obtain core samples of underground rocks. By lowering the core barrel into the well, using its internal coring tool to cut and collect the core, and then bringing the core back to the surface for analysis.
Geological analysis: Rock cores are the most intuitive data for studying underground geological conditions. By observing and analyzing rock cores, one can understand the lithology, sedimentary structure, fossil content, etc. of the strata, and then infer the sedimentary environment and oil and gas generation, migration, and accumulation conditions during geological history periods.

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